State Nature Reserve "Dzherginsky" is located in Kurumkansky region of Buryatia. Central Estate Reserve is located in the village of May. The unique geographical location of the reserve, it is in the Northeast Lake Baikal at the junction of three major mountain ranges - the Barguzin, Ikat and South ridges Muya Baikal Ecological District. This area belongs to the domal uplift Stanovoi Ridge, Lake Baikal mountain belt. The heart of the reserve can be called delightful, charming, a sacred relic glacial Amutskuyu Basin, located in it with a network of crystal clear lakes. The area of ​​the reserve is 238,088 hectares, of which the space occupied by water - 0,894 hectares. In general, it takes 19% of Kurumkansky region of Buryatia.

HISTORY

The upper reaches of the river Barguzin and Ikat Range to the early 90s remained virtually unexplored. Certain information about the nature of the territory that became part of the reserve could only be found in the collection of scientific papers Limnological Institute, compiled the results of field works conducted by the Institute in the early 80s. The articles covered mainly issues of hydrology, hydrobiology. Vegetation of these places are also very poorly understood. Available materials are concentrated in the vegetation vysokogoriy.Krome of the most general information about the structure of vegetation belts Ikat and South Muya ridges and the main vegetation formations are given in generalizing cartographic materials on Baikal in Siberia. In regard to faunal relatively better studied lower and middle reaches of the river Barguzin Barguzin foothills. In the main area of ​​the reserve, or any information on terrestrial vertebrates until recently were completely absent. The organization in this area of ​​the reserve has become a very timely measure of the study and preservation of local nature. It is possible to organize focused and full study here are natural objects and phenomena taking place in order to then, and was created by State Nature Reserve "Dzherginsky." State Nature Reserve "Dzherginsky" founded on the initiative of local governments - Kurumkansky executive committee of the district and the district of the State Committee - for basis existed since 1974 in the area of ​​42.2 hectares of the state comprehensive wildlife reserve "Dzhirginsky" Office of the hunting-fishing economy of the Buryat Republic. The increase in area under the planned reserve lands by the Upper Barguzinsky Forestry Ministry of Forestry of the Republic of Buryatia. This proposal was supported by the Council of Ministers of the Republic (judgment of 16.07.1990, № 153). After a detailed review was published 14.08.1992 Decision of the Council of Ministers of Russia № 585 "On the establishment of nature reserve" Dzherginsky "of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of the Russian Federation." According to the provisions of the Federal State Institution "State Nature Reserve" Dzherginsky "the main purpose of its activity is preservation and study of natural processes and phenomena, the gene pool of plant and animal life, individual species and communities of plants and animals, common and unique environmental sistem.Na him entrusted with the following main tasks:

• the implementation of protected areas to conserve biological diversity and maintain the natural state of protected natural complexes and objects;
• organization and conduct of research, including case management Annals of Nature;
• implementation of environmental monitoring;
• environmental education;
• participation in state environmental review of projects and schemes of economic and other accommodation facilities;
• assist in the training of scientists and experts in the field of environmental protection;
• testing and introduction to the biosphere reserve landfill environmental management practices are not damaging the environment and not depleting biological resources.

Unique natural objects and complexes ZAPOVEDNIKADzherginsky Reserve is located in a wonderful corner of the north-east of the Baikal Baikal in the environmental area. This junction of three major mountain ranges - the young and wise Barguzinsky Ikat, Yuzhnomuyskogo ridges of the Baikal mountain belt, the source of the second largest tributary of Lake. Lake Baikal - Barguzin River, the site where the glaciers had raged during the last glaciation. All this has left its imprint on the landscape of the reserve, creating a unique hill country. Marveling at the beauty and incredible contrasts, it becomes clear why the Tungus - the indigenous inhabitants of the northern Baikal region called the land - "Yarga" that is, happiness or joy, and consider it sacred.

Water bodies Medelgunsky source. Located in the eastern part of the reserve on the left bank of the river. Barguzin approximately 2 km from the mouth of the river. Amathan upstream p. Barguzin. Is a set of outputs of mineral thermal water, forming a small pond which flows into the River. Barguzin. The sources have a weak smell of hydrogen sulphide. The temperature of the water and mud are not known. Do not freeze in winter. Nearby are natural salt licks. Great medelgunskie salt licks have been described in MI Zhigzhitova in the book "Podlemorye." Provides scientific and recreational interest. Lake Amut. Located in the northeastern part of the reserve, between the north-eastern slope of the valley and the moraine ridge. In its origin it is a moraine-dammed, although we can not exclude the role of neotectonic movements. Lake of the T-shaped, the width of the widest point is 4 km, 8.5 km long. Bowl of the western part of the lake is strongly indented lines shaft end moraines, in turn, the eastern part of the wider diameter of the lake about 3 miles is a perfectly flat platform at a depth of 65 m, with it throughout its length with no clear differences of the depths. Probably, the platform is the result of sediment, indicating that ancient lake. 995 ha area of ​​the lake. In summer, there is variability in temperature indicators (up to 5-6 ° C) in the upper layers of water due to wind-tide phenomena. Water clarity is high - more than 5 meters in the lake inhabited by burbot, black Baikal grayling, and flax. Barguzin Tungus make offerings to the lake, which is considered sacred. Provides scientific and recreational interest. River Barguzin. Second largest tributary of Lake. Baikal. The source of the river is a small key, beating out a huge rock in the southeastern part of the reserve. The river rapids and plenty of interesting underwater hot springs outputs, resulting in many places it does not freeze in winter. Often in shallow shoals the river was frozen, provokes exit icing. During the winter in some areas of the river ice "grow" up to 3 m in height. In the river live on the reserve - river minnow, trout Siberia, burbot, grayling baykalolensky, black Baikal grayling, flax, salmon. In the usual abundance of trout. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Falls Yurgon. Located in a small picturesque canyon on the river. Yurgon 5 km from its confluence with the River. Grasses. Falls about 4 meters in height and width of approximately 3 m from the incident flux of the narrow rocky section line falls in the azure lake wrapped up like a veil of tiny droplets of pure crystal. Slightly below the lake is a small gravel island. Provides scientific and recreational interest. River Kovyli. Largest tributary of the river. Barguzin on the reserve. The name of the river means "winding". Feather really has a lot of turns, often very narrow, resulting in the formation of congestion windfall bonus from the river during floods. The river is distinguished by massive ice in the middle of it reaching 3.5 meters in height and flowing up to 500 meters. Naledi flooded much of the floodplain in the middle reaches of the river, forming a dazzling field of ice with a fabulous crystal forest, resulting from evaporation of ice and condensation of vapor in the form of bizarre ice crystals on the branches of trees. The upper reaches of the river in many places do not freeze in winter, probably due to the release of thermal waters. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Lake Aquarium. Lake is an extension of predustevym Shergikan stream. Lake of the ribbon-like 3 - 15 m in width and a length of about 50 m in the north-eastern part of the lake flows into the key, the striker from under the rock. The water is very cold in the key and never freezes. Part of the lake where the ice flows into the key, and is not covered by ice. The bed of the lake is lined with silver and green vegetation on the ground stelyascheysya as a precious carpet, the water is very clear and rich in minerals from the supply source of the lake. This natural aquarium at close range can be seen baykalolenskih grayling, fins and a body that shimmer on the gentle mother of pearl to emerald green, which is probably due to the composition of the water feature of refraction of light in it. Hence the name of the lake. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Lake Malan-Zurhen. Lake ellipsoidal shape and a fairly large 262 ha. Located on the western side of the relict glacial Amutskoy basin. Lake of ellipsoidal shape. The lake is 3 km, max. width of 1.2 km. In his spare time, ice-Wed water temperature varies between 15-180C. The lake-drainage. The lake water level fluctuations in a unique way, for example, over the past 30 years the lake level fluctuation is 4 meters, and the volume of water increased and decreased by 9 million m3. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Oz. Balan-Tamur. Lake almost regular round shape. Into the lake and the river flows Barguzin. The bottom is strewn with many large granite boulders up to 5 m in diameter. The maximum depth of 15 m average depth of 2 m 95 m area of ​​the lake. The level of the lake varies considerably - within a few hours may rise to 1.5-2 m, and just as quickly fall. The lake has a high level of turnover of water - a tributary of the lake is 106.5 m3/sec and 112 m3/sec the water flow. Lake Balan-Tamur sacred from the local Aboriginal people - the Tungus. From the earliest times to the present day come here in the spring of elders and families prayers are Barguzin to rain there were more crops were in the forest, the animal had a lot of health was. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Naledi Amutskoy in the basin. The lake empties into a small duct Churikto which dates back at podpruzhivayuschey madder lake. Yakondekon. In winter, ice formed in the bayou over 5 meters high, which inflame the sun only by August. These sites have the most favorite Amutskoy population of reindeer. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Geological objects Kovylinskie gate. Amazing education located in the upper reaches of the river at the site of bifurcation Kovyli river on the right and left. In the middle of the valley stand two stone ear as if laid out huge slabs of one another in height about 20 meters and a diameter of about 50 feet crowned capped emerald cedar, between which the river breaks through quickly. Provides recreational interest. Goose Rock and Stone charka. Located on the hills Ikat Range on the left bank of the river near the lake Barguzin Balan-Tamur. Ikat Ridge is quite old, so full of interesting outcrops, water and wind that gave the most incredible shape. Goose Rock pretty much like goose or duck floating in a pond. The height of the rock about 15 m, 20-25 m long stone located in the same cup. It is a boulder in a bowl. The walls of the cups on the bottom of the first expanded, and again narrowed from the middle, forming a vessel of elliptical shape. In the bowl of free people can be accommodated. Provides recreational interest. Cave in the valley. Jirga. In the valley of the Jirga are several caves. Two of them are located on the starboard side valley. Jirga we have examined. They are relatively small. The first cave entrance has an ellipsoidal height of 3.5 m and a width of 1.7 meters form the cave is preserved throughout its 15 meter length. The cave has a slope of about 300 up. The second cave is located near the first. Log in relatively small square with sides of B1, 5m Almost the entrance hall is quite spacious area of ​​20 m2 and a height of about 3 m Flat floor of the cave is lined with dry leaves and moss, as we have observed the remains of animals - a rabbit and musk. In the vault of the cave is a small hole through which the cave is quite light. In the valley of the river. Jirga we have observed the entrance to the cave on the mountainside almost regular round shape with a diameter of about 10 m cave is not yet explored. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Graphite. The reserve in the gully marked Ushkaki key outputs of graphite. Small pieces of graphite found in the vein nearly its entire length. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Ghost Island. Ghost Island surprising phenomenon of the lake Mala Zurhen. The island suddenly appeared in 1974 and again disappeared in 1982. Currently, he is in a flooded condition. This is probably due to the strong fluctuation of water level of the lake and maybe we will soon again see a ghost island. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Biological objects Taimen - truly symbolic decoration of the Siberian rivers. Lake-Tamur Balan is the only shelter in the basin. Barguzin rapidly disappearing for the trout. In the lake there were specimens weighing over 30 kg. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Black Baikal grayling. Amazing geographically isolated population of black Baikal grayling lives in a small area Amutskoy basin. He inhabits the lake. Amut, Lake. Yakondykon, Lake. Balan-Tamur and the section of the river Barguzin length of 7 km from the lake. Balan-Tamur. In addition, black Baikal grayling is presented here in two ecotypes differ significantly. This is one of the few places in Russia where a small local area (≈ 1300 ha) in sympatric grayling inhabits two kinds, one of which is also represented by two different forms. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Pihtovniki in the valley. Jirga. Fir is quite rare in the reserve. In the easternmost part of the valley. Jirga in the watershed to p. Tsipoy (basin. Vitim) is a small grove of fir, quite sparse. Fir trim pyramid-shaped tower of the magnificent undergrowth formed by juniper and fabulous rug woven from threads of silver fruticose lichens. All of this miracle as a precious frame surrounds a picturesque lake. Jirga, which dates back to the river of the same name. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Water "hedgehogs." Miracle of nature which lead can be called "hedgehogs". This natural phenomenon can be observed only on the lake. Balan-Tamur. Throughout the western shore of the lake are found on the beach, swim on the surface or lie on the bottom of the balls with a diameter of 5 to 30 cm different in color from dark green to black. This is nothing like the needles of larch, The fallen into the water and roll wave motions in waters of the lake tugi balls! Provides scientific and recreational interest. Historical and religious sites Lake Balan-Tamur. Near the lake is a small sopochka, which is the highest point of the glacial relict Amutskoy basin. On the hill is one of the most revered holy sites (About) Evenki, Buryat, and vanished tribe Barghouti Barguzin Valley. About a hut, built of trunks of many young larch. In the center is a pillar of the plague. Around the pillars of light yellow spiral depicted in Sanskrit prayer to the spirit of the black water of Lake Raven keeper. Balan-Tamur asking for fertility and health of all living things Barguzin Valley. About delivered on the spot when the plague, here lived a shaman. The name translates as the lake - shamanism. In our time, and now are held the ancient rites of worship. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Gold shafts. Many pits Barguzinskaya gold rush era is preserved in the central part of the reserve. They are mainly located in the vast Mari at the origins of key Turakina. Provides scientific and recreational interest. Ancient Path of Friendship. The trail begins in the area Basins and stretches along the picturesque river valley. Jirga to the watershed and further along in the basin of the Vitim r.Tsipa Bauntovsky region of Buryatia. Originally trail used for trade, the bride and groom exchange and friendship between the horse Barguzinsky Tungus (Evenks) and Evenki reindeer Baunt. Provides recreational interest.